Phosphatidate phosphatases and diacylglycerol pyrophosphate phosphatases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli.
- 1
- Department of Food Science, Cook College, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers University, New Brunswick 08903, USA. carman@aesop.rutgers.edu
Abstract
Phosphatidate
phosphatase (PA phosphatase) plays a major role in the synthesis of phospholipids and
triacylglycerols in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Membrane- and
cytosolic-associated forms of the enzyme have been isolated and
characterized. These enzymes are Mg2+-dependent and
N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive. The expression of a membrane-associated form
of phosphatidate phosphatase is regulated by growth phase and inositol
supplementation, whereas enzyme activity is regulated by lipids,
nucleotides, and by phosphorylation. Phosphatidate phosphatase is
coordinately regulated with other phospholipid biosynthetic enzymes
including phosphatidylserine synthase.
Diacylglycerol pyrophosphate phosphatase is a novel enzyme of phospholipid metabolism which is present in S. cerevisiae, Escherichia coli, and mammalian cells. This enzyme possesses a phosphatidate phosphatase activity which is Mg2+-independent and N-ethylmaleimide-insensitive and is distinct from the Mg2+-dependent and N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive form of phosphatidate phosphatase.
Genes encoding for diacylglycerol pyrophosphate phosphatase have been isolated from S. cerevisiae and E. coli. The deduced protein sequences of these genes show homology to the sequence of the mouse PAP2 (Mg2+-independent and N-ethylmaleimide-insensitive phosphatidate phosphatase) protein, especially in a novel phosphatase sequence motif. Rat liver PAP2 displays diacylglycerol pyrophosphate phosphatase activity.
Diacylglycerol pyrophosphate phosphatase is a novel enzyme of phospholipid metabolism which is present in S. cerevisiae, Escherichia coli, and mammalian cells. This enzyme possesses a phosphatidate phosphatase activity which is Mg2+-independent and N-ethylmaleimide-insensitive and is distinct from the Mg2+-dependent and N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive form of phosphatidate phosphatase.
Genes encoding for diacylglycerol pyrophosphate phosphatase have been isolated from S. cerevisiae and E. coli. The deduced protein sequences of these genes show homology to the sequence of the mouse PAP2 (Mg2+-independent and N-ethylmaleimide-insensitive phosphatidate phosphatase) protein, especially in a novel phosphatase sequence motif. Rat liver PAP2 displays diacylglycerol pyrophosphate phosphatase activity.
- PMID:
- 9370315
- DOI:
- 10.1016/s0005-2760(97)00095-7
- [Indexed for MEDLINE]
DAG PPi fosfataasit:
PLPP7,
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=Homo+sapiens+PLPP7
- Official Symbol
- PLPP7provided by HGNC
- Official Full Name
- phospholipid phosphatase 7 (inactive)provided by HGNC
- Also known as
- NET39; C9orf67; PPAPDC3
- Expression
- Biased expression in heart (RPKM 14.9), brain (RPKM 2.9) and 9 other tissues See more
- Orthologs
- mouse all
- Preferred Names
- inactive phospholipid phosphatase 7
- Names
- epididymis secretory sperm binding protein
- nuclear envelope transmembrane protein NET39
- phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 domain containing 3
- phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 domain-containing protein 3
- probable lipid phosphate phosphatase PPAPDC3
-
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19704009/
- Muscle homeostasis
PLPP6,
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/403313
- Official Full Name
- phospholipid phosphatase 6provided by HGNC
- Also known as
- PDP1; PSDP; PPAPDC2; bA6J24.6
- Preferred Names
- phospholipid phosphatase 6
- Names
- PPAP2 domain-containing protein 2
- phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 domain containing 2
- phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 domain-containing protein 2
- polyisoprenoid diphosphate phosphatase type 1
- presqualene diphosphate phosphatase (PSDP)
findings indicate that PPAPDC2 in human PMN is the first lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase identified for PSDP; regulation of this activity of the enzyme may have important roles for PMN activation in innate immunity
- PLPP5
- Official Symbol
- PLPP5provided by HGNC
- Official Full Name
- phospholipid phosphatase 5 provided by HGNC
DPPL1; HTPAP; PPAPDC1BM
- Preferred Names
- phospholipid phosphatase 5
- Names
- diacylglycerol pyrophosphate like 1
- diacylglycerol pyrophosphate phosphatase-like 1
- phosphatidate phosphatase PPAPDC1B
- phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 domain containing 1B
- phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 domain-containing protein 1B
- testicular secretory protein Li 38
- PLPP4 ( expression BRAIN)
- Official Symbol
- PLPP4provided by HGNC
- Official Full Name
- phospholipid phosphatase 4provided by HGNC
- Primary source
- HGNC:HGNC:23531
- See related
- Ensembl:ENSG00000203805
- Gene type
- protein coding
- RefSeq status
- VALIDATED
- Organism
- Homo sapiens
- Lineage
- Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
- Also known as
- DPPL2; PPAPDC1; PPAPDC1A
- Expression
- Low expression observed in reference dataset See more
- Orthologs
- mouse all
- Preferred Names
- phospholipid phosphatase 4
- Names
- diacylglycerol pyrophosphate like 2
- diacylglycerol pyrophosphate phosphatase-like 2
- phosphatidate phosphatase PPAPDC1A
- phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 domain containing 1A
- phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 domain-containing protein 1A
PLPP3 , Phospholipid phosphatase 3
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8613
- Also known as
- LPP3; VCIP; Dri42; PAP2B; PPAP2B
- Summary
- The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP) family. PAPs convert phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol, and function in de novo synthesis of glycerolipids as well as in receptor-activated signal transduction mediated by phospholipase D. This protein is a membrane glycoprotein localized at the cell plasma membrane. It has been shown to actively hydrolyze extracellular lysophosphatidic acid and short-chain phosphatidic acid. The expression of this gene is found to be enhanced by epidermal growth factor in Hela cells. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]
- Expression
- Broad expression in thyroid (RPKM 205.6), placenta (RPKM 102.2) and 23 other tissues See more
- Preferred Names
- phospholipid phosphatase 3
- Names
- PAP2 beta
- lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 3
- phosphatidate phosphohydrolase type 2b
- phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2B
- type-2 phosphatidic acid phosphatase-beta
- vascular endothelial growth factor and type I collagen inducible
We identified vascular endothelial growth factor and type I collagen inducible protein (VCIP), also known as phosphatidic acid phosphatase 2b (PAP2b), in a functional assay of angiogenesis. -
PLPP2
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8612
- Also known as
- LPP2; PAP-2c; PAP2-g; PPAP2C
- Preferred Names
- phospholipid phosphatase 2
- Names
- PAP2-gamma
- PAP2c
- lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 2, (LPP2)
- phosphatidate phosphohydrolase type 2c
- phosphatidic acid phosphatase 2c
- phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2C, (PPAP2C)
- phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase type 2c
- type-2 phosphatidic acid phosphatase-gamma, (PAP2-g)
The lung contains two distinct forms of phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP). PAP1 is a cytosolic enzyme that is activated through fatty acid-induced translocation to the endoplasmic reticulum, where it converts phosphatidic acid (PA) to diacylglycerol (DAG) for the biosynthesis of phospholipids and neutral lipids. PAP1 is Mg(2+) dependent and sulfhydryl reagent sensitive. PAP2 is a six-transmembrane-domain integral protein localized to the plasma membrane. Because PAP2 degrades sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide-1-phosphate in addition to PA and lyso-PA, it has been renamed lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase (LPP). LPP is Mg(2+) independent and sulfhydryl reagent insensitive. This review describes LPP isoforms found in the lung and their location in signaling platforms (rafts/caveolae). Pulmonary LPPs likely function in the phospholipase D pathway, thereby controlling surfactant secretion. Through lowering the levels of lyso-PA and S1P, which serve as agonists for endothelial differentiation gene receptors, LPPs regulate cell division, differentiation, apoptosis, and mobility. LPP activity could also influence transdifferentiation of alveolar type II to type I cells. It is considered likely that these lipid phosphohydrolases have critical roles in lung morphogenesis and in acute lung injury and repair. PLPP1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/8611
- Official Symbol
- PLPP1provided by HGNC
- Official Full Name
- phospholipid phosphatase 1provided by HGNC
- Primary source
- HGNC:HGNC:9228
- See related
- Ensembl:ENSG00000067113 MIM:607124
- Gene type
- protein coding
- RefSeq status
- REVIEWED
- Organism
- Homo sapiens
- Lineage
- Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
- Also known as
- LPP1; PAP2; LLP1a; PAP-2a; PPAP2A
- Summary
- The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP) family. PAPs convert phosphatidic acid (PA) to diacylglycerol (DAG), and function in synthesis of glycerolipids and in phospholipase D-mediated signal transduction. This enzyme is an integral membrane glycoprotein that plays a role in the hydrolysis and uptake of lipids from extracellular space. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]
- Expression
- Broad expression in prostate (RPKM 96.2), gall bladder (RPKM 74.3) and 22 other tissues See more
- Orthologs
- mouse all
- Preferred Names
- phospholipid phosphatase 1
- Names
- lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 1a
- phosphatidate phosphohydrolase type 2a
- phosphatidic acid phosphatase 2a
- phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2A
- phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase type 2a
- type-2 phosphatidic acid phosphatase alpha
-
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