Inositolin määrä maidossa

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1151503
(Tämä mittaus on tehty 1975, mutta siihen aikaan ei ollut tekniikkaa katsoa kaikkia  inositolilomolekyylejä ja isomeerejä). 

• J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1975;21(2):129-35. The content of free and bound inositol in human and cow's milk.

Ogasa K, Kuboyama M, Kiyosawa I, Suzuki T, Itoh M.

Abstract

The gaschromatographic method was used for the quantitative analyses of inositol in milk. The content of inositol in human and cow's milk at the different lactation periods was determined. The content of total myoinositol in human milk was 32.7 plus or minus 15.2 mg/100 ml in colostrum, 17.8 plus or minus 1.9 mg/100 ml in transitional milk, and 14.9 plus or minus 3.1 mg/100 ml in mature milk.

In cow's milk, it was 10.6 plus or minus 1.0, 7.0 plus or minus 1.1, and 4.1 plus or minus 1.0 mg/100 ml, respectively. These values were very similar to those obtained by the microbiological method. The presence of lipid-bound myoinositol in both kinds of milk was confirmed and the content was 0.22 plus or minus 0.09 mg/100 ml in human milk and 0.36 plus or minus 0.10 mg/100 ml in cow's milk. A small amount of scylloinositol was found in both human and cow's milk, while dextroinositol was not found in either.

 

• Tuoreempi määritys maidon molekyyleistä on tehty 2013:

J Nutr. 2013 Nov;143(11):1709-18. doi: 10.3945/jn.113.178772. Epub 2013 Sep 11. The human milk metabolome reveals diverse oligosaccharide profiles.

Smilowitz JT¹, O'Sullivan A, Barile D, German JB, Lönnerdal B, Slupsky CM.

Author information

Abstract

Breast milk delivers nutrition and protection to the developing infant. There has been considerable research on the high-molecular-weight milk components; however, low-molecular-weight metabolites have received less attention. To determine the effect of maternal phenotype and diet on the human milk metabolome, milk collected at day 90 postpartum from 52 healthy women was analyzed by using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Sixty-five milk metabolites were quantified (mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides; amino acids and derivatives; energy metabolites; fatty acids and associated metabolites; vitamins, nucleotides, and derivatives; and others). The biological variation, represented as the percentage CV of each metabolite, varied widely (4-120%), with several metabolites having low variation (<20 b="" glutamate="" including="" lactose="" urea="">myo-inositol,

and creatinine. Principal components analysis identified 2 clear groups of participants who were differentiable on the basis of milk oligosaccharide concentration and who were classified as secretors or nonsecretors of fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) gene products according to the concentration of 2'-fucosyllactose, lactodifucotetraose, and lacto-N-fucopentaose I.
 Exploration of the interrelations between the milk sugars by using Spearman rank correlations revealed significant positive and negative associations, including positive correlations between fucose and products of the FUT2 gene and negative correlations between fucose and products of the fucosyltransferase 3 (FUT3) gene. The total concentration of milk oligosaccharides was conserved among participants (%CV = 18%), suggesting tight regulation of total oligosaccharide production; however, concentrations of specific oligosaccharides varied widely between participants (%CV = 30.4-84.3%). The variability in certain milk metabolites suggests possible roles in infant or infant gut microbial development. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as
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